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1. The 10 Most Fascinating (And Terrifying) Fringe Sciences - All That's Agran gained public support during his campaign, but he was banned from debates and conferences. Claims that are uncontroversial and uncontested within reliable sources should be presented as simple statements of facte.g. . Jointly these say that articles should not contain any novel analysis or synthesis, that material likely to be challenged needs a reliable source, and that all majority and significant-minority views published in reliable sources should be represented fairly and proportionately. According to this theory, the British arent the only ones descended from the Lost Tribes of Israelthe Japanese are as well. Evolution, The Big Bang Theory, and Continental Drift all began on the fringes of science and todaywhile still debated by someare taken as scientific truth. 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Rosenthal, Wikipedia:Requests for arbitration/Climate change, Wikipedia:Requests for arbitration/Homeopathy, Wikipedia:Requests for arbitration/Cold fusion, Wikipedia:Requests for arbitration/September 11 conspiracy theories, Wikipedia:Arbitration/Requests/Case/Shakespeare authorship question, Wikipedia:Neutral point of view#Due and undue weight, Synthesis of published material that advances a position, "JOURNAL of FRONTIER SCIENCE Peer Review Blog", Do not include copies of lengthy primary sources, Do not disrupt Wikipedia to illustrate a point, Categories, lists, and navigation templates, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Fringe_theories&oldid=1152016868, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 27 April 2023, at 17:09. For example, the lives of the Israeli kingsSaul, David, and Solomonbecame known in Japanese history as those of emperors Chiuai, Sujin, and Suinin. As we have previously discussed, fringe theories contain premises and ideas that radically differ from the mainstream point of view. Carlson's show gave many Fox News viewers what they wanted, she said, including false claims about the 2020 election, COVID vaccines and the Jan. 6 Capitol insurrection, as well as smears against. From Infogalactic: the planetary knowledge core. According to the so-called swoon theory, Jesus had merely fainted from His injuries or drank a drug that made Him lose consciousness. For example, the Book of Genesis itself should be primarily covered as a work of ancient literature, as part of the Hebrew or Christian Bible, or for its theological significance, rather than as a cosmological theory. It presumes that individual behavior represents conscious reasoned choice, and is shaped by cognitive thinking . Another archaeologist, Patrick McGovern, proposed something far more radical. Find many great new & used options and get the best deals for Fringe: Season 1 [Blu-ray] at the best online prices at eBay! Wikipedia is not a place to right great wrongs. In the Middle Ages, the Toledot Yeshu was apparently used by some Jewish communities in order to discredit Christianity. Fringe views, products, or those who promote them, may be mentioned in the text of other articles only if independent reliable sources connect the topics in a serious and prominent way. In 2008, the Briton used an exact replica of a Phoenician ship to successfully circumnavigate the continent. 4.5: Examples of Social Science Theories The Toledot has been supported by the anecdotes of the Midrash and Talmud, which have attempted to debunk two primary Christian doctrines, the virgin birth and the ascension of Jesus. 10 Controversial Fringe Theories - Listverse The careful use of sources is vital when writing about criticism of fringe theories. 10 Fantastically Far-Fetched Fringe Theories by Marc V. fact checked by Jamie Frater As we have previously discussed, fringe theories contain premises and ideas that radically differ from the mainstream point of view. From Wikimedia Commons, the free media repository. Fringe ideas that go against mainstream scientific thought are effectively a constant in most areas of science, and there are a number of examples where the ideas have moved from the fringes. [30], As Donald E. Simanek asserts, "Too often speculative and tentative hypotheses of cutting edge science are treated as if they were scientific truths, and so accepted by a public eager for answers." What can we reasonably expect from ageing research? This one is pretty self-explanatory. Note, however, that the mainstream scientific subjects are discussed and linked to in both of the above articles about fringe subjects (the Astrology article discusses astronomy, and Autodynamics discusses special relativity). The 10 Most Fascinating (And Terrifying) Fringe Sciences By All That's Interesting | Edited By Savannah Cox Published July 25, 2014 Updated April 5, 2018 Relativity Einstein is responsible for this one. One estimate has suggested that more than 150 million Americans might be of royal descent. Reliable sources are needed for any article in Wikipedia. Germ theory denialism is the pseudoscientific belief that germs do not cause infectious disease, and that the germ theory of disease is wrong. While pseudoscience may, in some cases, be significant to an article, it should not obfuscate the description or prominence of the mainstream views. What is Fringe Science? Weird Ideas That Make You Think One example is Mosess Exodus, which later became Muhammads flight from Mecca. They possessed excellent sailing skills and built bigger ships than the ones used by Columbus. The complicated relationship between the level of acceptance of an idea and its notability is explored below. The theory continues to thrive today among some skeptics, and among believers of other religions, most notably the Ahmadiyya Muslim community. Evolution, the Big Bang Theory and Continental Drift were at one time considered fringe science. However, ideas should not be excluded from the encyclopedia simply because they are widely held to be wrong. Eventually, this custom led to even more complex and intertwined relationshipsessentially the forerunner of todays society. The 10 Most Fascinating (And Terrifying) Fringe Sciences. It is a generally accepted standard that editors should attempt to follow, though it is best treated with, For what to do with a subject that does not qualify for a separate article, see. 30 Interesting Scientific Theories: They point to the fact that no identification was found on the body, and that the recorded height of the man was not consistent with Lazcanos size. "There are extreme academic views such as those of Jacques Halbronn, suggesting at great length and with great complexity that Nostradamus's Prophecies are antedated forgeries written by later hands with a political axe to grind." [2] : 58 [3] The general public has difficulty distinguishing between science and its imitators, [2] : 173 and in some cases a "yearning to believe or a generalized suspicion of experts . The water is then pumped into about 1,000 storage tanks, which have started to leak. They also point out similarities between the customs and ceremonies of the Jewish and Shinto religions. Reliable sources on Wikipedia may include peer-reviewed journals; books published by university presses; university-level textbooks; magazines, journals, and books published by respected publishing houses; and mainstream newspapers. Articles which cover controversial, disputed, or discounted ideas in detail should document (with reliable sources) the current level of their acceptance among the relevant academic community. Superseded_scientific_theories - chemeurope.com [4] Poorly conducted research, research fraud and other types of bad science are not necessarily pseudoscientific refer to reliable sources to find the appropriate characterisation. The victims were given knives, hammers, and machetes to protect themselves. Since the Shadow Robot Company sounds like a front for an evil organization hell bent on taking over the world, we assume the hand might also be used to strangle any adversaries of the companys managing director, Rich Walker. Examples of unreliable journals include, but are not limited to: the Creation Research Society Quarterly, Homeopathy, and the Journal of Frontier Science (which uses blog comments[8] as its supposed peer review). [1] Fringe science theories are often advanced by persons who have no traditional academic science background, or by researchers outside the mainstream discipline. While proper attribution of a perspective to a source satisfies the minimal requirements of Wikipedia's neutral point of view, there is an additional editorial responsibility for including only those quotes and perspectives which further the aim of creating a verifiable and neutral Wikipedia article. 4 fascinating Fringe Science theories that will blow your mind In his work, Brooks-Baker suggested that every US presidential election has been won by the candidate with the most royal blood. For example, fringe theories in science depart significantly from mainstream science and have little or no scientific support. The American Civil Liberties Union has called for an independent investigation into the shooting, while the Russian embassy in Washington has become active in searching for details in the case. These abilities supposedly then deteriorated over thousands of years. Some people have examined the images of the dead man and suggested flaws, discrepancies, and tampering. Ideas that have been rejected, are widely considered to be absurd or pseudoscientific, only of historical interest, or primarily the realm of science fiction, should be documented as such, using reliable sources. What is more, just because a quote is accurate and verifiably attributed to a particular source does not mean that the quote must necessarily be included in an article. For a fringe view to be discussed in an article about a mainstream idea, independent reliable sources must discuss the relationship of the two as a serious and substantial matter. As a result, founders and believers of fringe theories often end up as objects of ridicule. Lucky for us theres no disease that turns humans into flesh eating zombies. The first industrial robot was invented in 1961, and then in 2007 the London based Shadow Robot Company successfully produced and marketed the Shadow Handa glove controlled cybernetic hand with the same dexterity as a humans. Ideas supported only by a tiny minority may be explained in articles devoted to those ideas if they are notable. The point is not only to demonstrate that the heterogeneity of the fringe defies simple classification and dismissal, but also to suggest that focusing on the content of the theories is not the most productive way to understand the durability of fringe science. Postulated by Azjen (1991)5, the theory of planned behavior (TPB) is a generalized theory of human behavior in the social psychology literature that can be used to study a wide range of individual behaviors. Second, His disciples took away His body quickly, and prepared His burial in secret. The theory has been used to explain a wide number of medical trends, including the fact that people in developed nations suffer from more allergies, have widespread autoimmune diseases, and have a problem with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in young people. Lazcano was a highly skilled military technician and received training in jungle and urban warfare. Fringe science refers to ideas whose attributes include being highly speculative or relying on premises already refuted. In August 2012, it was reported that Miguel Trevio Morales had replaced Lazcano as the leader of Los Zetas. [5] For example, focal infection theory, which held that focal infections of the tonsils or teeth are a primary cause of systemic disease, was once considered to be medical fact. Some scholars have suggested the book was put together no earlier than the sixth century, while the earliest mention of the book is thought to have come from the year 826. Pseudoscience usually relies on attacking mainstream scientific theories and methodology while lacking a critical discourse itself (as is common among proponents of creation science), relies on weak evidence such as anecdotal evidence or weak statistical evidence (as for example in parapsychology), or indulges a suspect theoretical premise (such as the claims of water memory made by advocates of homeopathy). If discussed in an article about a mainstream idea, a theory that is not broadly supported by scholarship in its field must not be given undue weight,[1] and reliable sources must be cited that affirm the relationship of the marginal idea to the mainstream idea in a serious and substantial manner. Close attention should be paid to the treatment of those who hold fringe viewpoints, since as a rule they are the focus of controversy. A significant contribution to the study of economic organization that preceded the 1930s was Frank Knight's (1965) classic treatment of Risk, Uncertainty, and Profit in 1922.Knight plainly anticipated Percy Bridgeman's counsel to social, scientists that "the principal problem in understanding the actions of men is to understand how they thinkhow their minds work . Articles about fringe theories sourced solely from a single primary source (even when it is peer reviewed) may be excluded from Wikipedia on notability grounds. [2]:173, Margaret Wertheim profiled many "outsider scientists" in her book Physics on the Fringe, who receive little or no attention from professional scientists. [2]:58[3] The general public has difficulty distinguishing between science and its imitators,[2]:173 and in some cases a "yearning to believe or a generalized suspicion of experts is a very potent incentive to accepting pseudoscientific claims". In 1614, the book was reprinted by Jewish apostate Samuel Friedrich Brenz and presented as fact. Parity of sources may mean that certain fringe theories are only reliably and verifiably reported on, or criticized, in alternative venues from those that are typically considered reliable sources for scientific topics on Wikipedia. 30 Interesting Scientific Theories - Ungroovygords Economics . The government officially reported that the smog was caused by a rare temperature inversion that caused sulfuric acid, nitrogen dioxide, fluorine, and other poisonous gases to build to dangerous levels. For example, if the only references to a particular subject are in news sources, then a level of detail which is greater than that which appears in these news sources is inappropriate, because Wikipedia policy prohibits original research. Category. Not too long ago, we discussed how agriculture may have adversely affected human society. Acceptance of new science can come slowly. Category:Fringe science - Wikimedia Commons In 2002, the Franklin Prophecy was mentioned by Osama Bin Laden in his Letter to the American People. Many aspects of the theory point to a clear forgery and hoax. McGovern adds that our ancestorsdespite not knowing chemistrywere perfectly capable of manufacturing beer through constant experimentation. On October 27, residents noticed a thick, yellowish, and acrid smog cloud hovering over the city. Wikipedia:Fringe theories - Wikipedia Fittingly, another term for these schools of thought is fringe science one that Gordin prefers, after researching fringe theories since the late 1990s. While undoubtedly outlandish, this was by no means the only crazy evolutionary theory about our ancestors. For example, creationism and creation science should be described primarily as religious and political movements and the fact that claims from those perspectives are disputed by mainstream theologians and scientists should be directly addressed. There are people who are notable enough to have articles included in Wikipedia solely on the basis of their advocacy of fringe beliefs. Inquiries far outside of mainstream science, strategies for engineered negligible senescence, List of topics characterized as pseudoscience, "Distinguishing Science from Pseudoscience", "Two Scientists Jailed; Pair Sentenced in Maine in Sale of 'Accumulators', "THE RESURRECTION OF WILHELM REICH AND ORGONE THERAPY", "Fantastically Wrong: Why Is the Sky Blue? In 2010, a story surfaced that a seventh-grade student in Watsonville, California had discovered that every US president except Martin Van Buren is descended from King John of England. The Magna Carta is considered a forebear of the Constitution of the United States. Bush can be seen having a private conversation with Larry King about the drug Halcion (about 6:20 in the above video). However, meeting this standard indicates only that the idea may be discussed in other articles, not that it must be discussed in a specific article. There will be new insights in developing and proposing thesis proposals which will introduce various applications . Fringe est une srie tlvise amricaine de science-fiction et d'horreur en cent pisodes de 42 minutes co-cre par J. J. Abrams, Alex Kurtzman et Roberto Orci et diffuse entre le 9 septembre 2008 et le 18 janvier 2013 sur le rseau Fox et en simultan au Canada sur /A\ [2] (avec quelques pisodes sur CTV [3]) pour les deux premires saisons, puis sur Citytv [4]. Examples of the latter include pseudoscience (ideas that purport to . The secrecy of the shooting has spawned a series of conspiracy theories that say Todashev was assassinated by the FBI in order to keep him quiet about the Boston Marathon bombings. Since that time, the theory has been heavily investigated in the study of allergic disorders. Simply including such a statement in the lead or in a section on scientific evaluation of Bigfoot claims is potentially misleading, non-neutral, and lacking in verifiability. Although they are still theories debated by some, they have come to be accepted as legitimate theories. Fringe theories may be excluded from articles about scientific topics when the scientific community has ignored the ideas. Well, not all of us, but scientists speculate that early hominids ate magic mushrooms as a regular part of their diet, and by 5000 BCE Sumerians were smoking opium to experience more joy. Fringe theories often surround bizarre news stories, coincidences, geological features, or strange events, because when were presented with unverified speculation, we often like to investigate the topic further in an attempt to find an answer. The text is widely believed to be a hoax, but has been presented as fact at different points throughout history. Typically, the long list of vestigial doctrines grows apace. Using a method he called empirico-statistical analysis, Fomenko arrived at the conclusion that ancient history was really just a distorted version of Medieval events. Some historical ideas that are considered to have been refuted by mainstream science are: Relatively recent fringe sciences include: Some theories that were once rejected as fringe science, but were eventually accepted as mainstream science, are: Michael W. Friedlander has suggested some guidelines for responding to fringe science, which, he argues, is a more difficult problem[2]:174 than scientific misconduct. He is presented as a person of wisdom, but disrespects his elders. How Tucker Carlson mainstreamed fringe conspiracy theories : NPR The book was first translated into Latin by a Dominican friar named Ramon Marti in the 1200s. In the documentary, presidential candidate George H.W. To fight the cold temperature, their bodies eventually became covered with subcutaneous fat. Bio weaponization is nothing new. Fringe reports have been published claiming that Tokyo is becoming highly contaminated with radiation. To back up this claim, proponents state that the narrative of ancient Japanese history essentially mirrors the Jewish one. It usually involves arguing that Louis Pasteur's model of infectious disease was wrong, and that Antoine Bchamp's was right. At first, Hardouin named the Benedictines as the main culprits behind the forgeries. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. In 1215, King John enacted the Magna Carta, which was one of the first documents to support democracy. It said that no freeman could be punished except by the law of the people. Likewise, exceptional claims in Wikipedia require high-quality reliable sources. It is home to the Donora Zinc Works and American Steel & Wire factories. All of it backed up by resource, experiments and information. [3] Other examples include conspiracy theories and esoteric claims about medicine. Some believe that the ancient Phoenicians were the first people to ever successfully set sail to the Americas, allegedly reaching the east coast of Central America more than 2,000 years before Columbus. If mentioning a fringe theory in another article gives undue weight to the fringe theory, discussion of the fringe theory may be limited, or even omitted altogether. Cognitive theories of psychology are focused on internal states, such as motivation, problem-solving, decision-making, thinking, and attention. While similar to Heribert Illigs Phantom Time Hypothesis, this fringe theory by Russian mathematician Anatoly Fomenko takes the issue of time forgery to even more insane heights. In particular, the relative space that an article devotes to different aspects of a fringe theory should follow from consideration primarily of the independent sources. The world is so complex that there are many truths. He was scheduled to travel to Russia two days after his death. A fringe theory is an idea or viewpoint held by a small group of supporters. For instance, continental drift was heavily criticized because there was no known mechanism for continents to move and the proposed mechanisms were implausible. The notability of a fringe theory must be judged by statements from verifiable and reliable sources, not the proclamations of its adherents. The movie examines a large number of TV outtakes that touch on the 1992 presidential election, the LA riots, and abortion protests. Fringe science is any field of scientific inquiry which represents a significant departure from orthodox theories or bodies of work. During the Middle Ages, invading armies would fling plague-ridden corpses over castle walls. Likewise, an alleged speech by Stalin supposedly indicates that he hoped that Germanys war with Britain and France would leave the three countries exhausted, consequently making them easy pickings for the Soviets. Despite the evidence, many people in Mexico have suspected that Heriberto Lazcano is still alive. A fringe theory is an idea or a collection of ideas that departs significantly from the prevailing or mainstream view. Stanley Meyer's water fuel cell) may be treated as pseudoscience. "but restraint should be used with such qualifiers to avoid giving the appearance of an overly harsh or overly critical assessment. Upload media. Fringe theories include the models and proposals of fringe science, as well as similar ideas in other areas of scholarship, such as the humanities. This has resulted in a tendency to dismiss all fringe science as the domain of pseudoscientists, hobbyists, and quacks.[4]. In other cases, an alternative theoretical formulation lacks significant evidence to show its validity, but when such evidence is produced, the theory can become mainstream. Fringe views are properly excluded from articles on mainstream subjects to the extent that they are rarely if ever included by reliable sources on those subjects. We humans have been using drugs in an attempt to access our whole brains for about as long as weve been on this planet. It was also initially claimed that he threatened the officers with a knife, gun, or sword, but these reports were later dismissed. The Shadow Hand is used for research in grasping, manipulation, neural control, brain computer interface, industrial quality control, and handling hazardous materials like explosives or radioactive substances. It has been estimated that the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster released approximately one-tenth of the radiation of the Chernobyl accident. This branch of fringe science stems from the hypothesis that the human brain is infinitely capable, but certain social and physical factors prohibit us from reaching our full potential. According to Fomenko, Jesus Christ Himself lived during this period, and it was His death that sparked the Crusades.