Example: US has territorial representation. Ap human geography Vocab Flashcards. majority minority districts definition ap human geography Isgho Votre ducation notre priorit Treaties contained new languages recognizing statehood and nationhood, clearly defined borders and guarantees of security. Examples: Brazil, Russia, ~Highly centralized government. Stateless Nations: AP Human Geography Crash Course Review The five themes of geography are: Location. The movement of power from the central government to regional (local) governments within the state. McKay Company sells merchandise with a one-year warranty. Why Do People Flee? Revisiting Forced Migration in Post-Saddam Baghdad The Supreme Court in 1964 eliminated the practice by requiring that all districts in a state contain about the same number of people. Draw maps that majority-Black communities can win.. were a federal court applying Gingles and other cases). Government based on the principal that the people are the ultimate sovereign and have the final say over what happens within the state. Inc. Nonetheless, in commpn parlance, nation-state is used as a synonym for country or state. (a country) Is AP Human Geography Hard? A Complete Guide | BestColleges The Census Bureau released data to the states for redistricting on August 12. *Had to make sure that their districts and forms of representation passed Gingles and other cases (Evaluate their own representation schemes, as if they Q. a geographical hypothesis proposed by British geographer Halford Mackinder during the first 2 decades of the 20th century, that any political power based in the heart of Eurasia could gain significant strength to eventually dominate the world. "The minority group must be able to demonstrate that it is sufficiently large and geographically compact to constitute a majority in a single-member district. Which describe discrete random variables? 160914065: malapportionment: The creation of congressional districts in a state which are of unequal size. But Black and Latino Democrats objected to the commissions maps because they would scatter minority voters across several districts. Suppose the government wants to levy a new excise tax. A Packet made by Mr. Sinn to help you succeed not only on the AP Te. Examples: United States, Russia, Brazil, Mexico. Section 2 of the Voting Rights Act mandates that no "standard, practice, or procedure shall be imposed or applied by any State or political subdivision to deny or abridge the right of any citizen of the United States to vote on account of race or color." Deposits:Cashreceipts:BalanceonFebruary1ReceiptsDisbursementsBalanceonFebruary28Date2/42/112/182/25$6,80013,900(12,600)$8,100Amount$2,7002,3003,2004,1001,600$13,900ChecksNo.321322323324325326327Date2/22/82/122/192/272/282/28Amount$4,7004002,5002,2002007001,900$12,600. Throughout the nineteenth-century in Europe, states used nationalism to achieve various goals. For the chamber as a whole? 3. What are the policy effects of majority-minority districts? originally for Mrs. Watson's class 2010-2011. Thornburg v. Gingles, a case decided by the Supreme Court of the United States in 1986, established a three-part test for proving whether vote dilution in violation of the Voting Rights Act has occurred in a district or districts. Subscribe to Here's the Deal, our politics newsletter. Name three ways European countries use nationalism throughout the 19th century to achieve various goals. AP human geography chapter 8 multiple choice. DETROIT (AP) Adam Hollier is a lieutenant in the Army Reserves, a paratrooper, Detroit native, a Democrat and a Black man. The process of placing a price on a good and then buying, selling and trading it, The idea that a state is tied to a particular territory with defined boundaries came out of Europe and diffused through: e. Check 323 was written for$2,800 for advertising in February. A region is an area on the earth identified by two common characteristics: physical and political geography. That strategy was reinforced by partisan politics. ~Spatial conflicts. \end{array} How can the winner of the popular vote lose the presidency? According to Jane Mansbridge, descriptive representation is necessary to improve the likelihood of substantive representation: representatives of different backgrounds are better able to substantially represent minorities.( representatives from different backgrounds are better able to bring minority perspective to policy-making and more likely to share policy-preferences with minority constituents.). As a consequence, it has a neighborhood-level spatial structure, presenting a geography which can be examined in maps of cities across the country. In 1964, there were only about 300 black elected officials nationwide. Is resulting public policy more or less conducive to minority interests? Steven Hill, writing for The Atlantic in June 2013, made the following argument:[2][3][4]. His boss, whom he admires, is waiting to meet with him about the big project. Ex: European Union. Students cultivate their understanding of human geography through data and geographic analyses as they explore topics like patterns and spatial organization, human impacts and interactions with their environment, and spatial processes and societal changes. A subdivision of human geography focused on the nature and implications of the evolving spatial organization of political governance and formal political practice on the Earth's surface. 2. ~Heartland Theory Majority-Minority districts assure descriptive representation. An investment balance of$378,000 is eliminated for consolidation purposes. A territory whose geographical boundaries lie entirely within the boundaries of another territory. And a lot of the seats Democrats hold are majority-minority seats, which are of course safe. b. A group of people who think of themselves as one based on a sense of shared culture and history, and who seek some degree of political-territorial independence. Race is collected through the decennial United States census . 253_{6} \\ A majority-minority district is one in which a racial or ethnic minority makes up a large-enough share of the electorate to assure that the community has a reasonable chance to elect the candidate of their choice. Republicans have been happy to draw districts with large numbers of Black voters because Black voters overwhelmingly favor Democrats. He is also a state senator who represents a majority-Black district that stretches across the northeastern edge of his economically battered and resilient hometown. While many studies of inequality in access to quality health care concentrate on the lower availability of health care, there is a growing body of literature reporting on the association between hospital quality and minority-service hospital status across multiple health states and conditions. Majority-minority districts - Google News. Race is collected through the decennial United States census. A majority-minority district is a district in which a racial minority group or groups comprise a majority of the district's total population. having or relating to a system of government in which several states form a unity but remain independent in internal affairs Geometric boundary A geometric boundary, or geometric border, is one that is formed by arcs or straight lines irrespective of the physical and cultural features of the land it passes through. Sovereignty is the internationally recognized exercise of a country's power over its people and territory. 6. 4, 5, 8, 10, 13, 26-49 Minority-serving hospitals . AP Human Geo - What do I need to know for AP Human Geo Unit 4 A country. Redistricting and Gerrymandering: Definition | StudySmarter Global A majority-minority district is one in which a racial or ethnic minority makes up a large-enough share of the electorate to assure that the community has a reasonable chance to elect the candidate of their choice. 1. All rights reserved. So what should a new Republican politics for a majority-minority nation look like? In 2021, there were 138 majority-minority districts in the United States House of Representatives in 27 states. Electoral boundary delimitation (or simply boundary delimitation or delimitation) is the drawing of boundaries of electoral precincts and related divisions involved in elections, such as states, counties or other municipalities. \text{ } & \text{322} & \text{2$/ 8$} & \text{400}\\ \hline The Atlantic: Is It Time to Rethink Hyper-Minority Districts? ~Territories have control over policies and funds. \text{ } & \text{324} & \text{2$/ 19$} & \text{$2,200$}\\ New maps spark debate over majority-minority districts economic model wherein people, corporations, and states produce goods and exchange them in the world market with the goal of achieving profit. Create or preserve minority-majority district: To create a district favoring an ethnic group, or to accommodate surrounding minority-majority districts. In many places, the newly drawn majority-minority districts elected those states' first African-American congressional representatives since Reconstruction. d. An investment balance of$358,000 is eliminated for consolidation purposes. \end{matrix} Students tend to regard the course content as "easy," while the exam is difficult. Does the Anti-Gerrymandering Campaign Threaten Minority Voting Rights In AP Human Geography, unit 4 covers political geography. But the stakes are clear: Black, Latino and Asian Americans are underrepresented in state legislatures. We can be more competitive around the country.. Physical regions are features such as deserts, mountains, and lakes. +514_6 \\ AP Human Geography | National Geographic Society Rules about equal population and minority voting rights have federal backing (though states may add additional constraints). AP Human Geography is an introductory college-level human geography course. Kim Soffen, writing for The Washington Post in June 2016, summarized this argument as follows:[17], Critics argue that, because minority groups tend to vote Democratic, majority-minority districts ultimately present an unfair advantage to Republicans by consolidating Democratic votes into a smaller number of districts. List of majority-minority United States congressional districts, Districts with an African-American majority, Districts with an Asian-American majority or plurality, Districts with a Hispanic/Latino majority, Districts with an African-American plurality, Districts with a Hispanic/Latino plurality, Districts with a white plurality (majority-minority), North Carolina's 1st congressional district, Massachusetts's 7th congressional district, North Carolina's 12th congressional district, Pennsylvania's 2nd congressional district, "Diving into District Data: What the Latest Census Numbers Tell Us", "My Congressional District: Tennessee's 9th", "My Congressional District: Mississippi's 2nd", "My Congressional District: Alabama's 7th", "My Congressional District: Louisiana's 2nd", "My Congressional District: Georgia's 4th", "My Congressional District: Georgia's 5th", "My Congressional District: Georgia's 13th", "My Congressional District: South Carolina's 6th", "My Congressional District: Michigan's 14th", "My Congressional District: Illinois's 2nd", "My Congressional District: Michigan's 13th", "My Congressional District: New York's 8th", "My Congressional District: Pennsylvania's 3rd", "My Congressional District: Maryland's 7th", "My Congressional District: Florida's 20th", "My Congressional District: Maryland's 4th", "My Congressional District: Georgia's 2nd", "My Congressional District: Illinois's 1st", "My Congressional District: New Jersey's 10th", "My Congressional District: Florida's 24th", "My Congressional District: New York's 9th", "My Congressional District: California's 17th", "My Congressional District: Hawaii's 1st", Majority-Minority Voting Districts and Their Role in Politics: Their Advantages, Their Drawbacks, and the Current Law, Race and Redistricting: The Shaw-Cromartie Cases, The Electoral Competitiveness of Majority-Minority Districts, Redrawing Lines of Power: Redistricting 2011, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_majority-minority_United_States_congressional_districts&oldid=1149857802, This page was last edited on 14 April 2023, at 21:36. One of the best ways to do that, and empower minority voters, Szetela and other commissioners argue, is putting some of the majority-Black neighborhoods in Holliers district in other seats, where they may have more say over Michigans leadership. AP Human Geo - 4.6 Internal Boundaries | Fiveable (These leaders had little regard for African independence, and had no representation for native Africans. The term is often used in voting rights law to designate voting districts which are altered under the Voting Rights Act to enable ethnic or language minorities "the opportunity to elect their candidate of choice." . \text{ } & \text{ } & \text{ } & \underline{\underline{\$ 12,600}}\\ Explain whether or not you would consider purchasing this policy. What is a functional analysis, according to Gingles? This page is not available in other languages. The table below provides demographic data about each majority-minority district in the United States as of 2013. Define: through a legal document AP GOV CONGRESS | CourseNotes The number of Majority-Minority districts increased with the 1991 redistricting. \text{Receipts} & \text{$13,900$} & \text{ }\\ That kind of comment might not go over so well in a majority-minority league. For the current year, Patton Consulting Group acquired long-term available-for-sale securities at a $35,000 cost. Predictably, the party in power - Democrat or Republican - seeks to draw those districts to favor its candidates. But if you split the district through the black population, now you could have two districts with a majority of white conservative voters and minority black liberal voters. funny ways to say home run grassroots elite basketball Menu . AP Human Geography Unit 4 | Geography - Quizizz California had 43 such districts, more than any other state. For the districts themselves? That principle was enshrined in the federal Voting Rights Act, which requires the creation of districts with a majority or plurality of Black or other minority racial or ethnic group voters in places where the white population has a history of preventing them from electing their chosen representatives. See the table below for further details.[15]. judge timothy kenny political affiliation. Mackinder noted Eurasia, the largest most populous landmass on earth had a pivot point at its center. Lesson Plan: The Battle for Votes: Gerrymandering The group claimed that the districts were racial gerrymanders that violated the equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. Definition. What, if any, comparable reporting is provided by public universities? By and large, Black people vote for Black people and white people vote for white people, Hollier said. Redistricting is carried out every 10 years based on the population totals reported by the US Census. ", "The minority group must be able to show that it is politically cohesive. Those who have the redistricting pen don't have a blank slate for drawing the lines. Strickland, the Court's 5-4 conservative majority ruled that states could choose to draw minority "coalition districts" (in which a sub-50 percent minority can win with support from other groups), but that only true majority-minority seats would merit protection under Section 2 of the VRA. The table below provides demographic data for each majority-minority district in the United States House of Representatives as of 2021. Examples: United States, Australia, Canada, Japan, ~Incorporates lower levels of education, lower salaries, and less technology. 2. ~Britain In the context of determining representative districts, the process by which a majority of the population is from the minority. How are the shares of the parent owned by the subsidiary reported at December 31? Study. Balancing minority and majority rights: lesson overview - Khan Academy AP Human Geography Chapter 8 Vocabulary Flashcards | Quizlet ~Generate more wealth in the world economy. Asians comprise 2% of legislators but 7.2% of the population. Section 2 of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 mandates that electoral district lines cannot be drawn in such a manner as to "improperly dilute minorities' voting power.
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