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Recently, some authors reported differences in albumen height/pH in various selected lines [132] and corroborated that selection on specific traits has changed the proportion of the yolk, albumen, and shell while increasing albumen height. The Fifty Year Rehabilitation of the Egg. The main sources of carotenoids (lutein, xanthophylls, and zeaxanthin) for birds are corn, lucerne, flower (marigold), and paprika extract (red carotenoids) that are incorporated in a hens diet to meet consumer demand for a more orange-yellow yolk. However, egg still has to face many years of nutritionist recommendations aiming at restricting egg consumption to limit cardiovascular diseases incidence. periodic table, in full periodic table of the elements, in chemistry, the organized array of all the chemical elements in order of increasing atomic numberi.e., the total number of protons in the atomic nucleus. Key T.J., Davey G.K., Appleby P.N. The physiological function of this protein in egg remains unknown but ovalbumin is assumed to provide essential amino-acids for the chicken embryo growth. At 54 percent, it makes up over half of the total protein. Some interesting data may arise from studies on egg protease inhibitors [47] since similar molecules existing in other food product, including legumes like pea, have been described as potential colorectal chemopreventive agents [117]. They also include bile salts and intestinal enzymes that act sequentially in a realistic time-dependent manner [205] and may be improved by adding intestine-like microbiota. Chang O.K., Ha G.E., Han G.S., Seol K.H., Kim H.W., Jeong S.G., Oh M.H., Park B.Y., Ham J.S. Indeed, eggs have been identified to represent the lowest-cost animal source for proteins, vitamin A, iron, vitamin B12, riboflavin, choline, and the second lowest-cost source for zinc and calcium [14]. Pimento cheese can be used as a dip, spread, or even filling for sandwiches and other dishes. Only about 0.85% is composed of another five elements: potassium, sulfur, sodium, chlorine, and magnesium. Cherian G. Egg quality and yolk polyunsaturated fatty acid status in relation to broiler breeder hen age and dietary n-3 oils. J Nutr 131:800806, CAS WebTurkey, beef, eggs, fish, and chicken are animal-based sources of methionine, the essential amino acid that must be consumed through your diet since it cannot be synthesized by your body. Thuenemann E.C., Mandalari G., Rich G.T., Faulks R.M. Several studies have confirmed the tumor-inhibitory activity of egg white lysozyme using experimental tumors. Ramalho H.M., Santos V.V., Medeiros V.P., Silva K.H., Dimenstein R. Effect of thermal processing on retinol levels of free-range and caged hen eggs. Nicholson J.K., Holmes E., Kinross J., Burcelin R., Gibson G., Jia W., Pettersson S. Host-gut microbiota metabolic interactions. Bush L., White H.B., 3rd Avidin traps biotin diffusing out of chicken egg yolk. Elements are the fundamental materials of which all matter is composed. Some examples are: Gold and silver in electrum, Yttrium, aluminum and oxygen in YAG, Hydrogen and oxygen in the ocean. SalmonellosisAnnual Epidemiological Report 2016 [2014 Data], Gast R.K. Pre-harvest measures to control, Ducatelle R., Van Immerseel F. Management and sanitation procedures to control. Hen age is also associated with a decrease in eggshell strength, in albumen height (the higher albumen height, the higher the freshness grade) [153], and a decrease in the strength of vitelline membrane that is frequently associated with a higher incidence of yolk rupture [157]. The content of some trace minerals in eggs such as selenium, iodine, and, at lower magnitudes, iron, zinc, fluoride, or magnesium can also be increased by larger dietary supply for hens [149]. Bellairs R., Harkness M., Harkness R.D. Kim J., Moon S.H., Ahn D.U., Paik H.D., Park E. Antioxidant effects of ovotransferrin and its hydrolysates. Mann K., Olsen J.V., Macek B., Gnad F., Mann M. Phosphoproteins of the chicken eggshell calcified layer. Off. What are the qualities of an accurate map? This change in our consumption mode and food habits is motivated by much data on the association risk of meat intake with digestive cancers and cardiovascular diseases, and growing numbers of studies that praise vegetarian diet [198,199,200,201]. Also, brass and steel are commonly found in trophies. Oxygen is a member of the chalcogen group on the periodic table and is a highly reactive nonmetallic element. In: Feldman D., editor. was involved in the writing of the paragraph related to antimicrobials and Y.N. The bioavailability of biotin for consumers may be compromised by the tight complex formed between avidin and its bound vitamin B8. To date, little is known on how egg proteins resist acidic pH of the stomach, digestive proteases, and intestinal microbiote, and how the presence of egg protease inhibitors in the diet can interfere with the degradation of egg proteins by digestive proteases. J Oleo Sci 50:797803, Sim JS (1998) Designer eggs and their nutritional and functional significance. Kovacs-Nolan J., Phillips M., Mine Y. Comparative biology and expression of TENP, an egg protein related to the bacterial permeability-increasing family of proteins. Its effect essentially relies on immunopotentiation [115]. Svensson S.L., Pasupuleti M., Walse B., Malmsten M., Morgelin M., Sjogren C., Olin A.I., Collin M., Schmidtchen A., Palmer R., et al. In contrast, fatty acid profile strongly depends on hens diet (See Section 4.2). One large egg has about six grams of protein, which is essential for the proper growth and development of our bodies. Besides basic nutrients, eggs are also a great source of potential nutraceuticals. The conditions of egg storage can induce deep internal changes including physicochemical modifications that may increase some technological properties that are useful for the food industry, and alteration of antibacterial properties of the egg white [173,174,175,176] (Figure 3). WebA major element found in eggs. Ovomucin (beta subunit) and ovomucin-derived peptides also showed anti-tumor activities via cytotoxic effects and activation of the immune system [74]. These yolks are important for the growth and development of the embryo. Biologie des Oiseaux et Aviculture, INRA, Universit de Tours, 37380 Nouzilly, France; Received 2019 Feb 15; Accepted 2019 Mar 19. CAS Retrieved on 01/11/2019 from the Ciqual homepage https://ciqual.anses.fr/ (French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety. Specific characteristics of the aviary housing system affect plumage condition, mortality and production in laying hens. Kaab H., Bain M.M., Bartley K., Turnbull F., Wright H.W., Nisbet A.J., Birchmore R., Eckersall P.D. It also contains all essential trace elements including copper, iron, magnesium, manganese, selenium, and zinc (Table 3), with egg yolk being the major contributor to Chen S., Jiang H.M., Peng H.H., Wu X.S., Fang J. In total, 150 distinct proteins have been identified in egg white [35], knowing that the very abundant ovalbumin accounts for 50% of the total egg-white proteins. All these alterations of freshness criteria are accelerated at room temperature when compared to refrigerated conditions. Alexs daughter, Lily,, Read More Does Alex Guarnaschelli Daughter Have a Disability?Continue, There is no scientific evidence to support the claim that Gatorade increases milk supply. One large egg has about 6 grams of protein, all of which is found in the egg white. Empathize with, identify o, What Is Samson Syndrome Illness Symptoms . WebThe trace mineral most abundant in the body, which is found in high quantities in meat, fish, poultry, legumes and eggs Potassium The third most abundant major body mineral, which is an electrolyte and is found in high amounts in broccoli and bananas Anemia An iron deficiency around the world, particularly in developing nations Heme iron Egg White-Derived Antihypertensive Peptide IRW (Ile-Arg-Trp) Inhibits Angiotensin II-Stimulated Migration of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells via Angiotensin Type I Receptor. J Anim Feed Sci 14:109123, Tanizaki H, Tanaka H et al (1997) Activation of macrophages by sulfated glyco-peptides in ovomucin, yolk membrane and chalazae in chicken eggs. The egg is considered as natures most perfect food containing excellent source of protein of high biological value, high ratio of unsaturated fatty acids to saturated fatty acids, and excellent source of minerals and all the vitamins. If the calcium from the shell is removed, the organic matrix material is left behind. Hoon H. Sunwoo . It also contains all essential trace elements including copper, iron, magnesium, manganese, selenium, and zinc (Table 3), with egg yolk being the major contributor to iron and zinc supply. More recently, results obtained with an enrichment of the diet with microalgae or linseeds have revealed the potential of these compounds to increase the content of yolk in n-3 fatty acids (more than 3- and 4-fold increase, respectively) [145]. and transmitted securely. Trypsin inhibition activity of heat-denatured ovomucoid: A kinetic study. Considering the prevalence and importance of hypertension worldwide (over 1.2 billion individuals) [123], there is increasing ongoing research to find ways to regulate this multifactorial disease. Your body needs these amino acids to build muscle tissue and other tissues. These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. Interestingly, some of them (AvBD11, OVAX, avidin, beta-microseminoprotein) are not expressed in the human genome [69], suggesting that they may constitute powerful anti-infectious agents against human enteric pathogens, to reinforce intestinal host immunity. Bregendahl K., Roberts S.A., Kerr B., Hoehler D. Ideal ratios of isoleucine, methionine, methionine plus cystine, threonine, tryptophan, and valine relative to lysine for white leghorn-type laying hens of twenty-eight to thirty-four weeks of age. paint has many elements, and which type of paint will determine which elements. Physiol. Actually, some data appear contradictory from one reference source to another (CIQUAL versus USDA, Table 5). A total of 550 distinct proteins were identified so far in egg-white and yolk/vitelline membranes and the physiological function of only 20 of them is characterized to date. For each of the bacterial cultures (1-4) grown in the presence of a different radioisotope of a major element (C-14, H-3, P-32, and S-35) of biological molecules, predict a) the macromolecules. Major element definition, any chemical found in great quantity in the rocks of the earth's crust. Samli H.E., Agma A., Senkoylu N. Effects of storage time and temperature on egg quality in old laying hens. Malicka-Blaszkiewicz M., Filipczak N., Golab K., Juszczynska K., Sebzda T., Gburek J. Ovocystatin affects actin cytoskeleton organization and induces proapoptotic activity. Garcia F.J., Pons A., Alemany M., Palou A. Permeability of chicken egg vitelline membrane to glucose, carbohydrate gradients between albumen and yolk. Inclusion in an NLM database does not imply endorsement of, or agreement with, In parallel, it is also driven by ethical concerns and environmental issues with regards to modes of meat production [202]. These in vitro models mimic both the biochemical and mechanical aspects of gastric digestion. In: Thapon JL, Bourgeois WG (eds) Loeuf et les ovoproduits. Ovodefensins, an Oviduct-Specific Antimicrobial Gene Family, Have Evolved in Birds and Reptiles to Protect the Egg by Both Sequence and Intra-Six-Cysteine Sequence Motif Spacing. Chemical symbol H2; 10% of the human body weight. What are the duties of a sanitary prefect in a school? Immunomodulatory effect of protease hydrolysates from ovotransferrin. In chemistry and atomic physics, the main group is the group of elements (sometimes called the representative elements) whose lightest members are represented by helium, lithium, beryllium, boron, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and fluorine as arranged in the periodic table of the elements. Anal Biochem 157:256261, Wang SY, Williams DL (1980) Identification, purification and characterization of two distinct avian vitellogenins. Da Silva M., Dombre C., Brionne A., Monget P., Chesse M., De Pauw M., Mills M., Combes-Soia L., Labas V., Guyot N., et al. Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. The total lipid content is relatively stable in the egg ranging from 8.7 to 11.2 per 100 g of whole egg, when considering various EU countries and USA egg composition tables [29]. Retrieved on 01/11/2019 from the Ciqual homepage https://ciqual.anses.fr/; 2 In italics, retrieved on 01/18/2019 from Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (2014). Egg-white quality essentially refers to albumen height that reflects freshness, and its ability to prevent microbial growth and survival that may be associated with toxi-infection risks for consumers (Salmonellosis). Effect of Different Heat Treatments on In Vitro Digestion of Egg White Proteins and Identification of Bioactive Peptides in Digested Products. Midkine and pleiotrophin have bactericidal properties: Preserved antibacterial activity in a family of heparin-binding growth factors during evolution. Biochemistry 33:565581, Lock JL, Board RG (1992) Persistence of contamination of hens egg albumen in vitro with Salmonella serotypes. Calcium. This model was already used in a wide range of studies in order to assess the bioaccessibility of nutrients and to study the structural changes of food matrices. 4. Dietary calcium in a particular form allow hens to express a specific appetite for calcium at the end of the day, that is stored and further assimilated during the night when the shell formation take place [138]. In foods, choline is found as both water-soluble (free choline, phosphocholine, and glycerophosphocholine) and lipid-soluble forms (phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin) and has important and diverse functions in both cellular maintenance and growth across all life stages. In: Sim S, Nakai N et al (eds) Egg nutrition and biotechnology. Herve V., Meudal H., Labas V., Rehault-Godbert S., Gautron J., Berges M., Guyot N., Delmas A.F., Nys Y., Landon C. Three-dimensional NMR Structure of Hen Egg Gallin (Chicken Ovodefensin) Reveals a New Variation of the beta-Defensin Fold. Egg content in vitamin A can be enhanced 10-fold from its initial value when hens are supplied with 30,000 IU retinol and that of vitamin D3 by 15-fold (25 to 34 g/100g in hens fed 2500 and 15,000 IU D3). The various egg antimicrobial molecules that have been described so far in literature are listed in Table 4. Choi I, Jung C et al (2005) Effectiveness of phosvitin peptides on enhancing bioavailability of calcium and its accumulation in bones. The action of egg white lysozyme on ovomucoid and ovomucin. If you give these layers a tug, youll find theyre surprisingly strong. Lipids are part of yolk lipoproteins whose structure consists of a core of triglycerides and cholesteryl esters, surrounded by a monolayer of phospholipids and cholesterol in which apoproteins are embedded [42]. 10. The egg white is a gel-like structure that lacks lipids and is composed mainly of water (about 88%) [44] (Figure 2), fibrous structural proteins (ovomucins), glycoproteins (ovalbumin, protease inhibitors), antibacterial proteins (lysozyme), and peptides (see Section 3.1) [33,45]. In conclusion, taking into account all these data, the advice to retain most nutritional and nutraceutical benefits associated with egg would be to foster the consumption of poached or soft-boiled eggs, where the egg white is cooked (to inactivate antinutritional factors and potential pathogenic bacteria) while the egg yolk remains essentially raw (to preserve most vitamins, lipids, micronutrients, and some bioactive (antioxydant) molecules). Rehault-Godbert S., Labas V., Helloin E., Herve-Grepinet V., Slugocki C., Berges M., Bourin M.C., Brionne A., Poirier J.C., Gautron J., et al. Consequently, these latter species, but not domestic birds, are dependent on dietary sources of vitamin C (fruits and vegetables). These values are slightly modified by hen genetics and age (See Section 4). was in charge of the paragraph related to the nutritional value of eggs. The first 20 elements are seen on all sides of the periodic table. Ibrahim H.R., Kiyono T. Novel Anticancer Activity of the Autocleaved Ovotransferrin against Human Colon and Breast Cancer Cells. Anatomy of an Egg | Exploratorium Conversely, geese, turkeys, and ducks are seasonal layers and require most specific sanitary and rearing conditions. USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference, Release 27. http://www.ars.usda.gov/ba/bhnrc/ndl/. Ranard K.M., Jeon S., Mohn E.S., Griffiths J.C., Johnson E.J., Erdman J.W., Jr. Dietary guidance for lutein: Consideration for intake recommendations is scientifically supported. The egg yolk contains 1 % minerals with phosphorus as the most abundant mineral Human gut endogenous proteins as a potential source of angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (ACE-I)-, renin inhibitory and antioxidant peptides. Egg yolk fatty acid profile of avian species--influence on human nutrition. Arena S., Scaloni A. Comparison of fatty acid, cholesterol, vitamin A and E composition, and trans fats in eggs from brown and white egg strains that were molted or nonmolted. Moreover, some vitamin-binding proteins highly concentrated in egg may also limit some vitamin accessavidin that binds vitamin B12 (biotin) exhibits the highest known affinity in nature between a ligand and a protein [60]. It plays some roles in neurotransmission, brain development, and bone integrity [54,56,57]. What is Oxygens formula? Major elements are elements that constitute more than 1 percent of the coal by weight: carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur. Variability of egg composition in five poultry species. Where do the Noble Metals tend to be located on the table? This protein denaturation may be beneficial to inactivate antinutritional factors such as egg-white antiproteases but also to denature highly resistant proteins, thereby facilitating protease activity in the digestive tract. Park J.H., Upadhaya S.D., Kim I.H. Phosphorus, calcium, and magnesium are next in importance. Ultra rosa (the pink on, What Does Wcw Mean On Snapchat . Yolk is tightly associated with the vitelline membranes, which consist of two distinct layers [44] that form an extracellular protein matrix embracing the yolk. Rehault-Godbert S., Guyot N. Vitellogenesis and Yolk Proteins, Birds. The yolk contains all the fat in the egg as well as cholesterol, phosphorus, zinc, thiamin, folate, and vitamin A. Phosphorus (P) - 1.0% - Phosphorus is found in the molecule ATP, which is the primary energy carrier in cells. Chemical symbol Ca; 1.5% of the human body weight. 4. Publ. The average selenium egg content is around 5 g per egg and can be increased 3- to 6-fold (12-fold in the albumen and 4-fold in the yolk) and reach 3040 g/egg when hens are supplied with 0.3 to 0.5 mg selenium (from selenomethionine or selenium enriched yeast/kg diet). By Europedias. These lipids are only concentrated in the egg yolk (Figure 2 and Table 1) and a small part may remain tightly associated with vitelline membranes [48,49]. J Lipid Res 26:194205. (C) Sunrise Science. WebEggshell is made almost entirely of calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) crystals. What is wrong with reporter Susan Raff's arm on WFSB news? At standard temperature and pressure (STP), two atoms of the element bind to form dioxygen, a colorless, odorless, tasteless diatomic gas with the formula O2. This review will give an overview of (1) the main nutritional characteristics of chicken egg, (2) emerging data related to egg bioactive compounds, and (3) some factors affecting egg composition including a comparison of nutritional value between eggs from various domestic species. Dinu M., Abbate R., Gensini G.F., Casini A., Sofi F. Vegetarian, vegan diets and multiple health outcomes: A systematic review with meta-analysis of observational studies. Peters R.L., Koplin J.J., Gurrin L.C., Dharmage S.C., Wake M., Ponsonby A.L., Tang M.L.K., Lowe A.J., Matheson M., Dwyer T., et al. Although egg compositions from traditional domestic species share common characteristics [189,190], they possess some significant differences in terms of energy that are mostly explained by the change in relative proportion of yolk to egg white (Figure 4). Elements Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Therefore, these differences might rather reflect conditions of bird rearing than genetic capacity of hens to retain these compounds in eggs. The challenge remains to identify animal and vegetable sources of polyunsaturated fatty acids that increase the content of these fatty acids in yolk without affecting its technological and/or sensorial quality, to suit both the food industry requirements (egg products) and consumer demand. Associations of egg consumption with cardiovascular disease in a cohort study of 0.5 million Chinese adults. ANSES-CIQUAL). All proteins are made of amino acids, which have a central carbon atom bound to a hydrogen atom, an amino group, and a carboxylic acid. Eggs, in any manner of cooking, is not an element. Role of the egg in the diet of athletes and physically active people. These include iron, vitamin A, vitamin D, phosphorus, calcium, thiamine, and riboflavin. Majumder K., Chakrabarti S., Morton J.S., Panahi S., Kaufman S., Davidge S.T., Wu J.P. Egg-derived ACE-inhibitory peptides IQW and LKP reduce blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats. What are the top eight elements found in the Earth's crust? The energy (kcal/100g) for chicken, quail, duck, goose, and turkey eggs is 143, 158, 185, 185, 171, respectively. Egg is an encapsulated source of macro and micronutrients that meet all requirements to support embryonic development until hatching. These alterations result from water exchange between yolk and the egg white and from water and carbon dioxide loss through the eggshell pores, which elicited an increase in the air cell that develops between the two eggshell membranes (Figure 3a). Effect of production system and flock age on egg quality and total bacterial load in commercial laying hens. Chen C., Chi Y.J., Zhao M.Y., Lv L. Purification and identification of antioxidant peptides from egg white protein hydrolysate. Such studies could help to better appreciate the in vivo potential of egg proteins and of the resulting hydrolytic peptides, and could be easily apprehended using dynamic gastric models that have been used with other foodstuffs, in food- and pharmaceutically-based research [203,204]. Effect of Temperature and Time of Storage on Protein Stability and Anti-Salmonella Activity of Egg White. In modern flock, the egg weight has been restricted to 6266 g throughout the laying cycle (20 to 80 weeks of age). Papanikolaou Y., Fulgoni V.L., 3rd Egg Consumption in Infants is Associated with Longer Recumbent Length and Greater Intake of Several Nutrients Essential in Growth and Development. Yolk color (yellow/orange shading) is also determined by the content in carotenoids in the diet [137]. Overall, the composition of duck egg resembles that of goose egg, which is consistent with their phylogenetic proximity. This is because as an egg ages, the small air pocket inside it grows larger as water is released and replaced by air. Some of these peptides contain only three amino-acids [27,127]. Biochemistry 19:15571563, Wang SY, Smith DE, Williams DL (1983) Purification of avian vitellogenin III: comparison with vitellogenins I and II. Selection for egg quality is an important component of the breeding strategies of companies that market egg-laying type hens. An increase of fat in egg essentially depends on the increase of yolk-to-egg-white ratio, which is, however, poorly affected by hens nutrition. Remanan M.K., Wu J. Antioxidant activity in cooked and simulated digested eggs. 1 Edible parts: EW, egg white; EY, egg yolk; VM, vitelline membrane. Food Compos. Several yolk-derived peptides bearing antihypertensive activities have been described in the literature [113,124] along with ovotransferrin and egg white hydrolysates [125,126]. Wiedeman A.M., Barr S.I., Green T.J., Xu Z., Innis S.M., Kitts D.D. Oil content and fatty acid composition of eggs cooked in drying oven, microwave and pan. In human, pleiotrophin have been shown to promote lymphocyte survival, and to drive immune cell chemotaxis [119,120]. What Element Is Found In Eggs? Chemaly M., Salvat G. Foodborne disease associated with eggs: Microbial hazards and Salmonella Enteritidis risk assessment. Seven substances recognized today as elementsgold, silver, copper, iron, lead, tin, and mercurywere known to the ancients because they occur in nature in relatively pure form. The fatty-acid profile of an egg, incorporated in triglycerides and phospholipids, directly reflects the composition of fatty acids in the hens diet. WebThe major inorganic components of egg white are sulfur, potassium, sodium, and chloride. Interestingly, some of these bioactive peptides are specifically generated after limited proteolysis of denatured egg proteins [67], after boiling. Comparative antibacterial activity of avian egg white protein extracts. Omana D.A., Wang J.P., Wu J.P. OvomucinA glycoprotein with promising potential. But, the biological significance of the potential immunomodulatory activity of egg white pleiotrophin in human intestine remains very speculative. Eggs are one of the most nutritious foods on the planet. All 11 are necessary for life. This enzyme triggers the processing and activation of angiotensin I into the active vasoconstrictor angiotensin II. While the relative amount of proteins remains stable between species (about 13%), the lipid proportion varies from 9.5% (chicken) to more than 13% (duck, goose) (Figure 4, which explains most of the variation in their respective energy value. phosphorous. Four different kinds of cryptocurrencies you should know. Gautron J., Rehault-Godbert S., Nys Y., Mann K., Righetti P.G. What element is in the major compound of steel? What is a major elements found in eggs? - Answers Amount and fate of egg protein escaping assimilation in the small intestine of humans. Achieving Sustainable Production of Eggs. Its name is derived from the Greek words , chloros (green) and , phyllon (leaf). A major element found in eggs is cholesterol. If the egg sinks, it is fresh. Cystatin and cystatin-derived peptides have antibacterial activity against the pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis. What is a Major Element Found in Eggs? - Food And Life Lover By 1850 about 40 additional elements had been discovered. CAB International, Oxon, pp 219232, Szymczyk B, Pisulewski PM (2005) Effect of conjugated linoleic acid and vitamin E on fatty acid composition and cholesterol content of hen egg yolks. Appreciate you for making the effort to be able to visit our website and even read our articles. Altmetric. Answer: They are concentrated between atomic numbers 84 and 118 on the periodic table. She has worked in some of the most prestigious kitchens in the world and has won multiple awards for her culinary abilities. Google Scholar, Azari PR, Feeney RE (1958) Resistance of metal complexes of ovotransferrin and transferrin to proteolysis and to thermal denaturation. Did Billy Graham speak to Marilyn Monroe about Jesus? Nys Y., Sauveur B. Valeur nutritionnelle des oeufs. This compound is created as sulfur-containing proteins in the egg white react during cooking. The longer an egg is cooked, the greater the amount of hydrogen sulfide that is produced, and older eggs also produce it in higher amounts when cooked. Spoiled eggs smell unpleasant because of even higher levels of hydrogen sulfide.