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Although more research is needed on how it works, milk thistle is thought to reduce damage to the liver caused by free radicals, which are produced when your liver metabolizes toxic substances. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. Review/update the 2022 Dec 7;19(24):16426. doi: 10.3390/ijerph192416426. This content does not have an English version. privacy practices. The therapeutic potential of milk thistle in diabetes. However, there is no solid evidence that supports these claims. Someone please correct me if I'm wrong. Version: 2.01. While the cost of most OCD medications currently available on the market is actually quite reasonable, the common side effects that occur are definitely not. Milk Thistle: Health Benefits, Safety Information, Dosage, and More - WebMD Salmi, H. and Sarna, S. Effect of silymarin on chemical, functional, and morphological alterations of the liver. 2012;308(3):274-282. doi:10.1001/jama.2012.8265, Ebrahimpour koujan S, Gargari BP, Mobasseri M, Valizadeh H, Asghari-jafarabadi M. Effects of Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. Milk thistle can cause: Gastrointestinal issues, such as diarrhea, constipation, nausea, vomiting and abdominal bloating Itchiness Headache If you have diabetes, use milk thistle with caution, since the supplement might lower blood sugar. Milk thistle contains compounds that may support skin, liver, and bone health and enhance weight loss. FREE standard shipping only available in the contiguous United States. and depression. Summary In animals, milk thistle has been shown to stimulate bone mineralization. Some studies also show milk thistle may help people whose liver is damaged by industrial toxins, such as toluene and xylene. This herb (also known as Silybum marianum) is native to the Mediterranean region. 2023 Jan 14;19:133-151. doi: 10.2147/NDT.S376380. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. While not dangerous, it can cause scars. Liu HY, Wei HJ, Wu L, Liu SM, Tang YY, Zou W, Wang CY, Zhang P, Tang XQ. One reported effect of milk thistle is that it can boost breast milk production in lactating mothers. Effects and tolerance of silymarin (milk thistle) in chronic hepatitis C virus infection patients: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Do not give any herbal/health supplement to a child without medical advice. https://www.micromedexsolutions.com. The Clearinghouse does not provide medical advice, treatment recommendations, or referrals to practitioners. Satisfaction. Also known as Silybum marianum, milk thistle is a perennial herb native to many continents and countries across the globe, including Southern Europe, Southern Russia, Asia Minor, Northern Africa, and the Americas. If you take any medicines regularly, talk to your doctor before you start using milk thistle. Milk thistle has been used for a range of psychiatric disorders including methamphetamine abuse and obsessive compulsive disorder. Large-scale, properly-designed studies are needed. In reducing oxidative stress, milk thistle is believed to be neuroprotective by helping prevent decline in brain function. Milk Thistle Benefits - Verywell Health Brain Fog (anxiety, depression, ADHD), lots of medications. PMC Call your doctor if the condition you are treating with milk thistle does not improve, or if it gets worse while using this product. 2020;37(4):1279-1301. doi:10.1007/s12325-020-01251-y, Seeff LB, Curto TM, Szabo G, et al. In some cases it may be useful in treating these cancers, but studies have yet to fully demonstrate the safety and efficacy of milk thistle use. Call 911 or seek help right away if you experience severe side effects from taking milk thistle. It is native to Mediterranean countries. Milk thistle products appear to help the skin heal from damage caused by UVB radiation from the sun and may offer benefits in preventing non-melanoma skin cancers. Tajmohammadi A, Razavi BM, Hosseinzadeh H. In clinical trials, milk thistle appears to be well tolerated in recommended doses. . Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. 2015;26(5):475486. Its herbal remedy is known as milk thistle extract. de Avelar CR, Pereira EM, de Farias Costa PR, et al. Other SSRIs on the market include Fluvoxamine (Luvox), Paroxatine (Paxil), and Sertraline (Zoloft) (3). Brittany Lubeck, RD, is a nutrition writer and registered dietitian with a master's degree in clinical nutrition. Depression. And, most recently, milk thistle is gaining traction as a natural remedy to help manage the symptoms of OCD. (silymarin) extract supplementation on antioxidant status and hs-CRP in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, By Soraiya Ebrahimpour Koujan, Bahram Pourghassem, Gargari Majid, Published February 15, 2015, Retrieved May 5, 2019, 8. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28025940, Current Drug Targets, A Mini Review on the Chemistry and Neuroprotective Effects of Silymarin, By Devi KP, Malar , Braidy , Nabavi , Nabavi, Published 2017, Retrieved May 5, 2019, 9. https://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/cgi-bin/sis/search/a?dbs+hsdb:@term+@DOCNO+1964, Toxnet, Valerian Root, Reviewed by SRP on 9/9/2014, Retrieved May 5, 2019, 10. https://nccih.nih.gov/research/results/spotlight/040310.htm, National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, Study Shows Chamomile Capsules Ease Anxiety Symptoms, Last Updated October 21, 2015, Retrieved May 5, 2019, 11. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3612440/, Evidence Based Complementary Medicine, Lavender and The Nervous System, Published March 14, 2013, By Peir Hossein Koulivand, Maryam Khaleghi Ghadiri, and Ali Gorji, Retrieved May 5, 2019, 12. https://www.webmd.com/vitamins/ai/ingredientmono-437/lemon-balm, WebMD.com, Lemon Balm, Retrieved May 5, 2019, Requirements for using and reposting articles. Bookmark the permalink. Learn more about natural remedies for type 2 diabetes. Keywords: The benefits of milk thistle can be attributed to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. Milk thistle is found throughout the eastern United States, California, South America, Africa, Australia, and Asia. Milk Thistle. Accessed Oct. 30, 2020. Copyright 1996-2023 Cerner Multum, Inc. Finally, those with hormone-sensitive conditions, including certain cancers, may need to avoid using milk thistle. Milk thistle is primarily taken in supplements sold as tablets, capsules, or extract primarily to help with liver function. Accessibility Side effects. 2019;33(6):1627-1638. doi:10.1002/ptr.6361. Milk Thistle: Benefits and Side Effects - WebMD The mention of any product, service, or therapy is not an endorsement by NCCIH. Milk thistle may produce allergic reactions, which tend to be more common among people who are allergic to plants in the same family (for example, ragweed, chrysanthemum, marigold, and daisy). the unsubscribe link in the e-mail. Antidepressive Effect of Natural Products and Their Derivatives Targeting BDNF-TrkB in Gut-Brain Axis. Drugs.com provides accurate and independent information on more than 24,000 prescription drugs, over-the-counter medicines and natural products. More studies are needed before it can be determined how silymarin might be used to support people undergoing cancer treatment. Herbal/health supplements should be purchased from a reliable source to minimize the risk of contamination. Osteoporosis is a disease caused by progressive bone loss. Theres some evidence that milk thistle can treat cirrhosis and chronic hepatitis, which can be caused by alcohol abuse, autoimmune disease, or viruses. Also notable is the fact that, of the 40 subjects that completed this trial, none had any adverse events or side effects with milk thistle supplementation (7). Milk Thistle Benefits: 15 Ways This Super Herb Can Improve - Organixx People who have diabetes or endometriosis should check with a doctor before using milk thistle. Biomed Res Int. Milk thistle is often promoted for its liver-protecting effects. The benefits of milk thistle may be due to silymarin, an active ingredient found in the herb that is said to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. However, this is the only clinical study available. I think milk thistle is often used in combo with NAC to enhance it's beneficial effects. Summary Milk thistle extract may help protect the liver against damage caused by disease or poisoning, though more research is needed. Subjects were assessed with the National Institute of Mental Health Trichotillomania Severity Scale (primary outcome), the Massachusetts General Hospital Hair Pulling Scale, Clinical Global Impression scale, and measures of depression, anxiety, and psychosocial . The active ingredients in milk thistle are a group of plant compounds collectively known as silymarin (1). Milk thistle is a flowering herb native to Europe but is also found in parts of the United States, Australia, Asia, Africa, and South America. How Does Cirrhosis Affect Life Expectancy? Risks. It is not intended to substitute for the medical expertise and advice of your health care provider(s). Using different formulations together increases the risk of an overdose. But studies on heart benefits have only been done in people with diabetes. Milk thistle is sold as an oral capsule, tablet and liquid extract. In fact, it has traditionally been used to treat liver and gallbladder disorders, promote breast milk production, prevent and treat cancer and even protect the liver from snake bites, alcohol and other environmental poisons. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. . 2023 Healthline Media LLC. Milk thistle. eCollection 2023. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services, 9000 Rockville Pike Bethesda, Maryland 20892, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. However, there is no solid evidence that supports these claims. Its also unknown what doses would need to be prescribed for it to have a beneficial effect (18). Milk Thistle & Silymarin Benefits & Uses (incl. Liver Detox) It may have protective effects on the liver, preventing damage. Borah A, Paul R, Choudhury S, Choudhury A, Bhuyan B, Das Talukdar A, Dutta Choudhury M, Mohanakumar KP. A survey conducted in the U.S. reported that 23% of those polled used herbal supplements for their hepatitis C, with milk thistle being the most common choice. Milk Thistle (and liver cleansing) has two workings: it supports the liver and it lowers the inactive rT3 in favour of the active T3. Milk Thistle: Health Benefits, Side Effects, Uses, Dose - RxList Milk thistle has been an important natural remedy for centuries of folk medicine practitioners. Mayo Clinic does not endorse companies or products. One human trial found it to work as well as fluoxetine to manage OCD symptoms. If left untreated, anaphylaxis can lead to shock, coma, cardiac or respiratory failure, or even death. Summary The active ingredients in milk thistle have been shown in animals to improve the effects of some cancer treatments. Before taking milk thistle, talk to your doctor, pharmacist, or health care professional if you have allergies (especially to plants), have any medical conditions, or if you take other medicines or other herbal/health supplements. Its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties mean that it is possibly neuroprotective and could help prevent the decline in brain function you experience as you age (14, 15). Milk Thistle Benefits, Side Effects and Dosage Recommendation - Dr. Axe Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222. include protected health information. 2022 Nov 29;23(23):14968. doi: 10.3390/ijms232314968. It usually develops slowly over a number of years and causes weak and fragile bones that break easily, even after minor falls. 2007 Sep;10(9):1089-93. doi: 10.1038/nn1971. Accessed at naturalmedicines.therapeuticresearch.com on April 1, 2020. Some people may be allergic to milk thistle. While milk thistle has been traditionally used in pregnant and breastfeeding women, its safety is unknown. You can find out more about our use, change your default settings, and withdraw your consent at any time with effect for the future by visiting Cookies Settings, which can also be found in the footer of the site. Milk thistle is native to Europe and was introduced into North America by early colonists. Milk thistle. Bunchorntavakul C, Wootthananont T, Atsawarungruangkit A. Liver Detoxification and Health. A double-blind controlled study. Not all possible interactions are listed in this product guide. Advanced Milk Thistle, 120 softgels - Life Extension What Are the Risks of Taking Milk Thistle? Studies have shown a decrease in blood sugar levels and an improvement in cholesterol in people with type 2 diabetes. Milk thistle is an herbal remedy derived from the milk thistle plant, also known as Silybum marianum. Fluoxetine (Prozac), for instance, clocks in at roughly $16 for 21 capsules if youre buying with the drugs.com discount card, but the side effects are often not as easy to swallow (3). Seeff, L.; Curto, T.; Szabo, G. et al. Herbal Remedies for OCD and Anxiety Disorders - Verywell Mind Milk Thistle (Silybum marianum) for Anxiety? The information and products shown on this website should not be interpreted as a substitute for physician evaluation or treatment. Milk thistle may be useful in treating liver disease, cancer, and diabetes. The flavonoid complex silymarin in preclinical studies has been found to increase serotonin and dopamine levels in the cortex. 12 Health Benefits Of Milk Thistle, Nutrition, & Side Effects - STYLECRAZE Although milk thistle may be helpful in hepatitis C, more research is needed to support these claims. National Cancer Institute PDQ Integrative, Alternative, and Complementary Therapies Editorial Board. Due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, milk thistle may be a useful supplement for people with acne. Studies on cancer cell lines (done in the laboratory) have found that elements in milk thistle: Researchers also are looking at how milk thistle might complement traditional care and treatment in people diagnosed with gastrointestinal cancers. Effect of silymarin on chemical, functional, and morphological alterations of the liver. Milk thistle is effective at naturally reversing toxicity in the body, including the harmful . No supplement is intended to treat, cure, or prevent disease. There is a reason why milk thistle is called the "liver herb." The flavonoid combo of silymarin (and especially the phytonutrient silybin) can help rebuild liver cells while it removes toxins from that organ at the same time. Exercise caution and start slow. There is also concern that milk thistle might affect estrogen levels. Milk Thistle Can Help Fight Symptoms of OCD - Natural Wellness Update 2007;2007(4):CD003620. 2023 Dotdash Media, Inc. All rights reserved, Verywell Health uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. People may also find it painful and worry about its effects on their appearance. Milk thistle can trigger allergic reactions. Phytomedicine. 2020;31(4):/j/jbcpp.2020.31.issue-4/jbcpp-2019-0206/jbcpp-2019-0206.xml. eCollection 2022. Am J Gastroenterol. In one such study, a 45-day course of silymarin, the active component of milk thistle, increased antioxidant capacity and reduced generalized inflammation in adults with type 2 diabetes compared with a placebo. Protective Effect of Silibinin on Learning and Memory Impairment in LPS-Treated Rats via ROS-BDNF-TrkB Pathway. All rights reserved. Milk thistle may lower blood sugar levels in people with type 2 diabetes. Trigonella foenum-graecum(fenugreek)also is used for this reason. By Brittany Lubeck, RD Get the facts on milk thistle for the liver. One important detoxifying ingredient is milk thistle. Benefits. Further, while liver-related mortality was significantly reduced by milk thistle, this was not seen in any of the high-quality trials. In fact, in studies where high doses were used for long periods, only about 1% of people experienced side effects (1). This publication is not copyrighted and is in the public domain. More research is needed before a standard dosage of milk thistle can be recommended, so check with your healthcare provider. Milk thistle (PDQ): Health Professional Version. Its unclear what benefits, if any, it may have in the body, but its sometimes used as a natural treatment for things including cirrhosis, jaundice, hepatitis, and gallbladder disorders. And although milk thistle extract is commonly used as a complementary therapy for people with liver diseases, theres currently no evidence that it can prevent you from getting these conditions, especially if you have an unhealthy lifestyle. Milk thistle is generally considered safe when taken by mouth (1, 45). A small number of studies have suggested that milk thistle extract might be beneficial for diabetes, but the conclusions about its effectiveness are not definite. Drug class: Herbal products. Milk thistle may interact with certain medications and supplements. We know little about whether milk thistle is effective in people, as only a few well-designed clinical studies have been conducted. But experts say that the evidence isnt conclusive. Milk thistle. 2005;100(11):2583-91. doi:10.1111/j.1572-0241.2005.00262.x. Comparing Natural Remedies for OCD to Standard OCD Treatment However, the results from studies have been mixed, and not all have found milk thistle extract to have a beneficial effect on liver disease. Some people also call it Mary thistle and holy thistle. This prickly plant has distinctive purple flowers and white veins, which traditional stories say were caused by a drop of the Virgin Marys milk falling onto its leaves. Milk thistle is most often used for various liver conditions, like hepatitis and fatty liver disease. In this study, the effect of silibinin on A-induced anxiety/depression-like behaviors in rats was investigated. Dosing of milk thistle ranged from 150 mg twice a day to 300 mg twice a day. Anxiety; Autophagy; BDNF; Depression; Silibinin. It is not certain whether milk thistle is effective in treating any medical condition. More research is needed to confirm these results and the safety of milk thistle for breastfeeding mothers (38, 39, 40). Careers. Read our. Its thought to work by making more of the milk-producing hormone prolactin. Its been suggested that the antioxidant effects of silymarin may have some anticancer effects, which could be helpful for people receiving cancer treatment (9). All rights reserved. Neurological Disorders Milk thistle has long been used to alleviate the inflammation commonly associated with a host of neurological disorders such as dementia, Alzheimers, and Parkinsons Disease (8). Milk thistle is a plant also known as Artichaut Sauvage, Cardo Lechoso, Cardui Mariae, Carduus marianus, Chardon Argent, Chardon de Marie, pine Blanche, Holy Thistle, Lady's Thistle, Lait de Notre-Dame, Legalon, Marian Thistle, Mariendistel, Mary Thistle, Shui Fei Ji, Silibinin, Silybe de Marie, Silybum, Silymarin, and other names. Before There are no other food sources of this herb. Milk thistle has been used in alternative medicine as a possibly effective aid in treating heartburn, or seasonal allergy symptoms. Milk thistle has been used in alternative medicine as a possibly effective aid in treating heartburn, or seasonal allergy symptoms. Milk thistle is promoted as a dietary supplement for hepatitis, cirrhosis, jaundice, diabetes, indigestion, and other conditions. While more research into milk thistle, silymarin, and its effectiveness in treating OCD is definitely needed, there is a wealth of information supporting the other health benefits of milk thistle for a host of ailments: Liver Health It is believed that milk thistle and silymarin bolsters liver function by prohibiting toxic substances from binding to liver cells (6). It is possible to take too much, and liver toxicity has been observed in people with cancer taking silybin at very high doses (10 to 20 grams per day). . In test-tube and animal studies, silymarin has been shown to prevent oxidative damage to brain cells, which could help prevent mental decline (16, 17). An official website of the United States government. However, this review also noted that the quality of the studies was not very high, so more studies are needed before its possible to make any firm recommendations (44). ODS seeks to strengthen knowledge and understanding of dietary supplements by evaluating scientific information, supporting research, sharing research results, and educating the public. Silymarin as supportive treatment in liver diseases: a narrative review. Amyloid plaques are sticky clusters of amyloid proteins that can build up between nerve cells as you age. However, research is not conclusive on its uses. Its resources include publications (such as Dietary Supplements: What You Need To Know) and fact sheets on a variety of specific supplement ingredients and products (such as vitamin D and multivitamin/mineral supplements). People have traditionally used milk thistle for problems with the liver and gallbladder . Acne is a chronic inflammatory skin condition.