and transmitted securely. Beck, J. Can cannabis boost your creativity? Many hSNP clusters overlap immunity (for example, MHC, NOD-like receptors, and AIM-like receptors), sensory (for example, olfactory and taste receptors), reproductive (for example, pregnancy-specific glycoproteins and sperm-associated E-rich proteins), and neuronal- and behavior-related genes (for example, itch receptors26 and -protocadherins27) (Fig. These comparative transcripts were given to the gene-finding tool AUGUSTUS13 as strong hints (external evidence) in conjunction with weaker hints derived from all available RNA-Seq data for the given strain. Cannabis strains vary in their THC-to-CBD ratios, which can influence the overall effects. A conditional knockout resource for the genome-wide study of mouse gene function. Both loci have been targeted using a conditional approach as part of the International Knockout Mouse Consortium (IKMC) resource. The cytoplasmic body component TRIM5alpha restricts HIV-1 infection in Old World monkeys. Physiol. Choosing the right cannabis strain depends on your individual preferences, desired effects, and any specific needs or goals. Goios, A., Pereira, L., Bogue, M., Macaulay, V. & Amorim, A. mtDNA phylogeny and evolution of laboratory mouse strains. J. Immunol. Frosted Cherry Cookies is a great daytime strain for experienced users, but also pleasant for anyone smoking at the end of the night. 102, 23692378 (2007). However, reliance on mapping next-generation sequencing reads to C57BL/6J has meant that the true extent of strain-specific variation is unknown. Arbogast, T. et al. PLoS Biol. Receive updates on new products, special offers, and industry news. Genome Res. 9, e1003196 (2013). The material provided on Leafly is intended for educational and informational purposes only. Anthony DiMeo. Order online. work was supported by Cancer Research UK (20412), the Wellcome Trust (202878/A/16/Z), and the European Research Council (615584). sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal 2c), whereas in M. spretus (also wild-derived) this locus is much shorter than in any other mouse strain. We do not grow, sell or promote canna products nor propagate consumption or distribution of cannabis. One precise sagittal section was stereostatically defined as the plane Lateral +0.72 mm of the Mouse Brain Atlas. For each strain separately, the density of hSNPs in 10 kb sliding windows (step of 2 kb) was estimated. The site is secure. Across all strains, hSNP regions account for 1.55.5% of protein-coding genes (Fig. hybrid. We have completed the first draft de novo assemblies and strain-specific gene annotation for 12 classical inbred laboratory mouse strains (129S1/SvImJ, A/J, AKR/J, BALB/cJ, C3H/HeJ, C57BL/6NJ, CBA/J, DBA/2J, FVB/NJ, LP/J, NZO/HlLtJ, and NOD/ShiLtJ) and 4 wild-derived strains representing the backgrounds Mus musculus castaneus (CAST/EiJ), M. m. musculus (PWK/PhJ), M. m. domesticus (WSB/EiJ), and M. spretus (SPRET/EiJ). Here you can look for Cannabis Strains who have certain genetic characteristics. 21, 15121528 (2011). AskGrowers is not responsible for the accuracy of the information displayed. Ferris, M. T. et al. Bauernfeind, F. & Hornung, V. Of inflammasomes and pathogens sensing of microbes by the inflammasome. Medical marijuana patients choose Headspace to help relieve symptoms of stress, pain and anxiety. However, the most consistent reports maintain that a Cherry Pie/Burmese Thai cross makes A digital atlas of gene expression patterns in the mouse: http://www.genepaint.org, A pipeline used to comparatively annotate the mouse strains for the Mouse Genomes Project: https://github.com/ucsc-mus-strain-cactus/MouseGenomesAnnotationPipeline, SGA String Graph Assembler a de novo genome assembler: https://github.com/jts/sga, SNAP Scalable Nucleotide Alignment Program a new sequence aligner: http://snap.cs.berkeley.edu, ImageJ an image processing toolkit: https://imagej.nih.gov/ij/. This is the first report of RDX degradation by a homoacetogen growing autotrophically and extends the number of genera known to carry out this transformation. FOIA Anaerobic biodegradation of hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine I fall straight asleep with this. Nat. Top autoflower seeds to grow for spring and summer 2023 Initial sequencing and analysis of the human genome. A., Wang, X., Tapia, J. C. & Sanes, J. R. Gamma protocadherins are required for synaptic development in the spinal cord. was supported by the Wellcome Trust (grant numbers WT108749/Z/15/Z, WT098051, WT202878/B/16/Z), the National Human Genome Research Institute (U41HG007234), and the European Molecular Biology Laboratory. b, Heterozygous SNP (hSNP) density for a 50 Mb interval on chromosome 11 in 200 kb windows for 17 inbred mouse strains based on sequencing read alignments to the C57BL/6J (GRCm38) reference genome (top). The assemblies also showed extensive diversity at each of the other loci examined: immunity-related GTPases (IRGs) and Schlafen family (Slfn). OSullivan, T., Dunn, G. P., Lacoursiere, D. Y., Schreiber, R. D. & Bui, J. D. Cancer immunoediting of the NK group 2D ligand H60a. From its intriguing counterculture origins to its role in cannabis advocacy and legalization, explore how 420 became a global phenomenon. The subsequent reads were used as input to SOAPdenovo273 r240 to produce genome scaffolds (parameters given in Supplementary Table 19). These divergent profiles suggest that Nlrp1c is not the sole mediator of anthrax lethal toxin resistance in the mouse but several other members may be involved. Nature 491, 125128 (2012). You will find the link onto the strain-description pages, right below the short overview about the available hybrids. Genetic diversity at gene loci, particularly those related to defence and immunity, is often the result of selection that, if retained, can lead to the rise of divergent alleles in a population64. Discover 7 surprising ways to use hemp in your daily life, from beauty products to food. Sixteen diverse laboratory mouse reference genomes define strain Unusual Genomic Traits Suggest - Oxford Academic At the novel bicistronic locus, Chml_Opn3, the original annotation was a single exon gene, Chml, that was extended and found to share its first exon with the Opn3 gene. 2014 Jun;68(6):743-50. doi: 10.1007/s00284-014-0531-x. This strain has also been speculated as Bob Marleys favorite. Wang D, Boukhalfa H, Marina O, Ware DS, Goering TJ, Sun F, Daligault HE, Lo CC, Vuyisich M, Starkenburg SR. Microbiologyopen. Host genetic diversity enables Ebola hemorrhagic fever pathogenesis and resistance. PubMed Inbred laboratory mouse strains are characterized by at least 20 generations of inbreeding and are genetically homozygous at almost all loci 1. Despite this, previous SNP variation catalogs have identified high-quality heterozygous SNPs (hSNPs) when reads were aligned to the C57BL/6J reference genome 12. First, these loci were compared to the respective regions in the C57BL/6NJ assembly and used to identify contigs from public assemblies of the reference strain previously omitted due to insufficient overlap. Mouse Genome Sequencing Consortium et al. e main headspace VOC emitted by the former was DMDS ( Ta b l e , Supplemented data Figure S -B), suggesting it to be the predominant emi tted volatile, at least Our data elucidated copy number variation previously unknown in mouse strain genomes and uncovered gene expansions, contractions, and novel alleles (<80% sequence identity). The addition of these genomes, in particular C57BL/6NJ, enabled the resolution of GRCm38 reference assembly issues and the improvement of several reference gene annotations. WebAfter cultivation with 21% (v/v) O2 in the headspace, no recombinant hydrogenase activity was observed in soluble extracts of wild-type BL21, although low levels of activity could be WebAlthough its exact genetics and breeder arent documented, this bud may have a connection to an Afghani indica landrace. Behav. According to growers, this strain produces dark and light green foliage dotted with trichomes and burnt orange hairs. strains Google Scholar. 1, 119126 (2000). EMPLOYMENT 16-19: Indiana University; EMPLOYMENT 14-15: University of California. Using this reference, genome-wide variation catalogs (single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), short indels, and structural variation) for 36 laboratory mouse strains were generated12,13. Cannabinoids are chemical compounds found in cannabis that interact with the body's endocannabinoid system to produce various effects. The Mroh3 gene, which was originally annotated as an unprocessed pseudogene, was updated to a protein-coding gene due to the identification of a novel intron that permitted extension of the CDS to full length. Braunewell, K. H. & Gundelfinger, E. D. Intracellular neuronal calcium sensor proteins: a family of EF-hand calcium-binding proteins in search of a function. PLoS Genet. Environ. 38, 240244 (2006). Headspace is a new hybrid marijuana strain that has become popular for its libido-boosting effects. If no complete transcripts are present, one longest CDS is picked for the gene. These classifiers include evaluating if a transcript maps multiple times, the proportion of unknown bases, splice site validity, both frameshifting and non-frameshifting indels and small alignment gaps. The DNA was sheared to ~350 bp mean fragment size and sequencing libraries were generated using NEBNext Ultra enzymes and Illumina-compatible adapters. For each strain separately, coding genes from GENCODE M815 overlapping pass heterozygote dense windows were identified. Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. By providing us with your email address, you agree to Leafly'sTerms of ServiceandPrivacy Policy. However, it's important to start with small amounts and monitor your reactions, as individual responses to cannabis can vary. 2020 Sep 15;5(5):e00277-20. Due to popularity, many cultivars of the same name have cropped up, leading to confusion and dispute over the original genetics and breeder. Liu, Q. et al. Mutant Efcab3-like mice display anomalies in multiple brain regions, suggesting a possible role for this gene in the regulation of brain development. Immunol. Strip the bolt and scrub it clean. Schrider, D. R. et al. This strain has become popular for its libido-boosting effects that will put you in the mood for romance. Strain-specific haplotype associations with Asprl4 and survival have been reported for CAST/EiJ and NZO/HlLtJ, both of which exhibit resistance to A. fumigatus infection47 and they are also the only strains to have lost H60 alleles at this locus. Every sequencing lane was genotype checked against the mouse Hapmap SNP calls71 using the Samtools/Bcftools v1.1 'gtcheck' command. Biotin-containing fragments were then isolated using streptavidin beads before PCR enrichment of each library. Nat. Most often these appear to result from gene duplication events. An official website of the United States government. Clostridium geopurificans strain MJ1 sp. Interestingly, the lateral ventricle was one the most severely affected brain structures exhibiting an enlargement of 65% (P=0.007). Scaffolds were broken in locations where there was not a minimum number of 10 kb and 40 kb (where available) fragments that spanned the join. Dickinson, M. E. et al. We examined three immunity-related loci on chromosome 11, IRG (GRCm38: 48.8549.10 Mb), Nlrp1 (71.0571.30 Mb), and Slfn (82.983.3 Mb) because of their polymorphic complexity and importance for mouse survival48,49,50. If you have a medical problem, please contact a qualified health professional. 7). Improvements to the reference genome, coupled with pan-strain gene predictions, were used to provide updates to the existing reference genome annotation, maintained by the GENCODE consortium60. Additionally, an automated pseudogene annotation workflow, Pseudopipe25, alongside manually curated pseudogenes lifted over from the GRCm38 reference genome, identified an average of 11,000 (3,317 conserved between all strains) pseudogenes per strain (Supplementary Fig. A co-evolutionary arms race: trypanosomes shaping the human genome, humans shaping the trypanosome genome. Familiarize yourself with local cannabis laws and regulations regarding marijuana use, possession, and purchase. 2c). Cai, Y. et al. WebBruce Banner. This strain has become popular for its libido-boosting effects that will put you in the mood for romance. It's also important to start with a low dose and gradually increase as needed, especially if you're new to cannabis. In the house mouse, Nlrp1 alleles are involved in sensing Bacillus anthracis lethal toxin, leading to inflammasome activation and pyroptosis of macrophages52,53. Main Terpenes: Myrcene, Pinene and Limonene. This represented the density at which the interval content and total unique overlapping base pairs was observed to be clustered around distinct loci (Supplementary Fig. Genome Res. You must take responsibility for abiding the law of the city, country or the jurisdiction where you are located. CBD is known for its potential therapeutic properties and may help with conditions such as pain, anxiety, inflammation, and seizures. 41, D377D386 (2013). The most well-known cannabinoids are THC (tetrahydrocannabinol), which is responsible for the psychoactive effects of cannabis, and CBD (cannabidiol), which is non-intoxicating and known for its potential therapeutic properties. Best Cannabis Strains for Sexual Arousal evan peters jeffrey dahmer & Academic Background; department of public works massachusetts. Defence and immunity was the largest represented protein class (155 genes, Supplementary Data 4), accounting for 13.98% of all protein class hits (Supplementary Table 10). Learn about safe consumption, the impact of legalization, and how you can join the festivities! WebHeadspace is a relatively new hybrid marijuana strain. is supported by Cancer Research-UK and the Wellcome Trust. Cell Tissue Res. Mol. 6a). 2009 Jan;31(1):65-9. doi: 10.1007/s10529-008-9828-9. Best marijuana strains for sex at a glance Best cannabis strains for sex, female & male arousal: Mimosa Cannabinoid profile: Sativa-dominant Hybrid. For example, mixing an energizing Sativa strain with a relaxing Indica strain may create a balanced experience. Briefly, the constitutive coding exon 5 (chromosome 11: 104700610-104700692, GRCm38), which is well-supported by RNA-Seq data in multiple tissues (ENSMUST00000212287; ENSMUSE00000376310 (ENSEMBL v90)) was deleted using the SpCas9 endonuclease to induce a frameshift mutation. Medical marijuana patients choose Headspace to help relieve symptoms of stress, pain and anxiety. Thus, their identification is a powerful tool for finding errors in genome assemblies. Bioinformatics 24, 637644 (2008). J.Li., A.G.D., T.M.K., B.P., I.T.F., M.A., P.D., D.W.L., X.I.S., R.D., P.F., C.E.M., R.M., and D.T.O. WebHeadspace is a hybrid strain with a 60:40 sativa/indica ratio. Population variation in NAIP functional copy number confers increased cell death upon Legionella pneumophila infection. Nat. Be mindful of the method of consumption (e.g., smoking, vaping, edibles) as it can impact the onset and duration of effects. PLoS Pathog. It's a delicious way to enjoy the benefits of cannabis in a cool treat. Americo, J. L., Moss, B. Inbred laboratory strains of wild-derived origin represent a rich source of phenotypic responses and genetic diversity not present in classical strains of mice4,5,6. 1950 187, 35383545 (2011). Examining the hSNPs in C57BL/6J and C57BL/6NJ, we find that the vast majority can be explained as occurring in remaining gaps or problematic regions of the reference genome. M.K.S. When mixing strains, consider the characteristics of each strain (e.g., Indica, Sativa, THC/CBD levels) and how they may complement or enhance each other. Consider factors such as the type of experience you're seeking (e.g., relaxation, pain relief, creativity), your tolerance level, and any medical conditions or symptoms you wish to address. Relative to the reference strain (C57BL/6J), CAST/EiJ has lost 20 olfactory receptors and gained 37 gene family members: 12 novel and 25 supported by published predictions based on messenger RNA (mRNA) derived from CAST/EiJ whole olfactory mucosa (Fig. 2d). 17, 293298 (2007). Genomes of the Mouse Collaborative Cross. Leafy Mate is here to assist you in navigating the cannabis industry. Three techniques were used to produce the gene annotation for each mouse strain. By accessing this site, you accept the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Humboldt Durrant, C. et al. Relying on the information from this website is strictly at your discretion. Arbogast, T. et al. & Howard, J. C. The immunity-related GTPases in mammals: a fast-evolving cell-autonomous resistance system against intracellular pathogens. Kolmogorov, M. et al. Paten, B. et al. It's also good for growing outdoors because it has an average flowering time of 54-61 days, and it can reach heights of 60-80 cm (24 - 32 inches). Sorry, but you're too young to visit AskGrowers. Combinatorial effects of odorants on mouse behavior. For every strain into our database you will be able to create an unique map for all known hybrids and crossings! Cas9 mRNA (Trilink) together with the four gRNAs was injected into the cytoplasm of single-cell C57BL/6NTac zygotes. Transplant. We discovered a novel 188-exon gene on chromosome 11 that significantly extends the existing gene Efcab3 spanning between Itgb3 and Mettl2 (Fig. Hpcal1 belongs to the neuronal calcium sensors expressed primarily in retinal photoreceptors, neurons, and neuroendocrine cells34. A cluster of approximately 50 genes, which includes hippocalcin-like 1 (Hpcal1) and its homologs, were identified (chromosome 12: 1825 Mb). Accessibility After scaffolding, shotgun sequences were used to close gaps between contigs. 116, Supplementary Tables 126 and Supplementary Note, Novel genes predicted in classical and wild-derived mouse strains, hSNP-dense regions in C57BL/6J and C57BL/6NJ and issues of GRCm38, Defense and immunity genes found in hSNP-dense regions, Assembly quality control of three immunity-related loci in WSB/EiJ, PWK/PhJ and CAST/EiJ, Reference corrections through strain assembly information, Phenotype of Efcab3-like/ mouse compared to control group, Definition of repeat classes and families. The odds of two rifles from different sources both having incorrect headspace is exceedingly low. Back in the early days, we ran into incorrect headspace frequently, as many people who were making parts were either new or not very good at it. J. Appl. Proc. Immunol. PMC We thank members of the Sanger Institute Mouse Pipelines teams (Mouse Informatics, Molecular Technologies, Genome Engineering Technologies, Mouse Production Team, Mouse Phenotyping) and the Research Support Facility for the provision and management of the mice. 26, 342350 (2016). Fuller ME, Heraty L, Condee CW, Vainberg S, Sturchio NC, Bhlke JK, Hatzinger PB. Mamm. Ragout identifies large conserved regions between genomes (hierarchical synteny blocks) by combining the whole genome alignment with a de Bruijn graph simplification algorithm66. Medical patients choose Head space to relieve symptoms of stress, pain and anxiety according the growers who claim this produces dark green leaves dotted with trichomes while burnt orange hairs on them as well! Medical patients choose Head space to relieve symptoms of stress, pain Analysis of Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) data62 in humans showed that the EFCAB13 locus is expressed across many tissue types, with the highest expression measured in testis and thyroid. Only coordinates in which at least one strain had a hSNP call were retained. A strain specific cannabis extract cartridge. USA 113, E3300E3306 (2016). Genome 22, 4354 (2011). You'll be able to concentrate on whatever it is that's important to you while remaining in an uplifted mood. News Headspace Sensory For the paired-end libraries, 13 g DNA was sheared to 1001,000 bp using a Covaris E210 or LE220 and size selected (350450 bp) using magnetic beads (Ampure XP). J. Respir. Sequence accessions for the three immune-related loci on chromosome 11 are available from the European Nucleotide Archive (Supplementary Table 23). The genome assemblies and annotation are available via the Ensembl genome browser and the UCSC Genome Browser. It's great for those suffering from chronic pain and fibromyalgia because it has anti-inflammatory properties and helps relieve muscle spasms. 15). Semin. It has been suggested that Nlrp1c may be the causal family member mediating resistance; Nlrp1c can be amplified from cDNA from PWK/PhJ macrophages but not CAST/EiJ54. We discovered novel gene members at several important immune loci regulating innate and adaptive responses to infection. Churchill, G. A., Gatti, D. M., Munger, S. C. & Svenson, K. L. The Diversity Outbred mouse population. Mouse Biol. Skarnes, W. C. et al. This work was supported by the Medical Research Council (MR/L007428/1), BBSRC (BB/M000281/1), and the Wellcome Trust. Mouse brain samples were immersion-fixed in 10% buffered formalin for 48 h, before paraffin embedding and sectioning at 5 m thickness using a sliding microtome (Leica RM 2145). 9, 10991107 (2007). Don't hesitate to ask knowledgeable staff at dispensaries, known as budtenders, for recommendations based on your preferences. Hodgkins, A. et al. Modeling host genetic regulation of influenza pathogenesis in the collaborative cross. We use cookies for certain features and to improve your experience. We used the presence of dense clusters of hSNPs on the C57BL/6J reference genome as a marker for extreme polymorphism and examined the de novo assembly to explore the underlying genomic architecture. The latest in Strains & products. Kirby, A. et al. Grape MAC Marijuana Strain Information | Wikileaf These regions are enriched for genes involved in pathogen defence and immunity and exhibit enrichment of transposable elements and signatures of recent retrotransposition events. Hybrid strains are a combination of Indica and Sativa genetics and can offer a balance of effects, with various ratios available (e.g., Indica-dominant, Sativa-dominant, or balanced). Of the 785 predictions investigated, 62 led to the annotation of new loci, including 19 protein-coding genes and 6 pseudogenes (Supplementary Table 14 and Supplementary Data 8). The 16S rRNA gene sequence for strain HAAP-1, consisting of 1485 base pairs, The latest in Strains & products. Some suggest Red Velvet is a mix of Lemon Cherry Gelato and Pina Acai or a cross between Orange Velvet and Redrum. Headspace Cannabis Strain - Discover Its Effects, Genetics, and If multiple assignments were created, attempts to resolve them were made by finding if any gene had a Jaccard distance 0.2 greater than any other; otherwise, they were discarded. Headspace The representation of known mouse repeat families in the assemblies shows that the short repeat (<200 base pairs (bp)) content was comparable to GRCm38 (Supplementary Fig. 4) that appear to have arisen either through retrotransposition (~80%) or gene duplication events (~20%). 5). Unauthorized use of these marks is strictly prohibited. Genome Res. 1e). If the headspace is excessive, you may only get two or three. Manufacturers have to make bolts within very strict tolerances. But they still have small variances in dimension and thats where headspace tolerances come in. An example of this is the SMLE in .303 British. The .303 headspaces on the rim, not the case shoulder. Rev. Putnam, N. H. et al. Headspace We used the C57BL/6J GRCm38 sequence as a single reference and found that 95% adjacent synteny block pairs from the assemblies were also adjacent in C57BL/6J reference. SNPs visualized in CAST/EiJ and WSB/EiJ for 71.00671.170 Mb on GRCm38 (bottom), including Derl2 and Mis12 (upper panel) and Nlrp1b (lower panel). Headspace Weed Strain Information | Leafly & Mott, R. Applying mouse complex-trait resources to behavioural genetics. In this application, two different types of evidence are used: the RNA-Seq hints for each of the novel strains from above; and annotation evidence from GENCODE VM8 for the C57BL/6J reference strain. 123, 237245 (2015). Nature 474, 337342 (2011). Genet. Leafly and the Leafly logo are registered trademarks of Leafly Holdings, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Epub 2003 Jun 24. Defining Genomic and Predicted Metabolic Features of the. This high-CBD hybrid contains one of the most complete terpene profiles out there. To identify defense genes from the analysis shared among classical inbred strains and each of the wild-derived strains, each of the strain-specific gene sets were merged into five categories, namely classical inbred (BALB/cJ, CBA/J, DBA/2J, C3H/HeJ, 129S1/SvImJ, A/J, C57BL/6NJ, NOD/ShiLtJ, LP/J, NZO/HlLtJ, FVB/NJ and AKR/J), PWK/PhJ, CAST/EiJ, WSB/EiJ, and SPRET/EiJ (Fig. 9, e1003242 (2013). Genetics 185, 10811095 (2010). Gene retrotransposition has long been implicated in the creation of gene family diversity36, novel alleles conferring positively selected adaptations37. We also measured 40 brain parameters across 22 distinct brain structures as part of a high-throughput neuro-anatomical screen (Supplementary Tables 15 and 16, see Methods). In the genomic region around t, AUGUSTUS was set to predict a gene structure without alternative splicing, using evidence from t itself as well as from all RNA-Seq alignments in that region. How Headspace Sensory is building a scent-based lexicon for the These initial orthologs, along with strain-specific RNA-Seq (Supplementary Table 8), were input to AUGUSTUS74 one at a time to apply local strain-specific refinement. Monroe, K. M. et al. Sastalla, I. et al. This resulted in the quantification of 22 unique brain structures, including: (1) total brain area; (2) primary and secondary motor cortices; (3) pons; (4) cerebellar area, internal granular layer of the cerebellum and medial cerebellar nucleus; (5) lateral ventricle; (6) corpus callosum; (7) thalamus; (8) caudate putamen; (9) hippocampus and its associated features; (10) fimbria of the hippocampus; (11) anterior commissure; (12) stria medullaris; (13) fornix; (14) optic chiasm; (15) hypothalamus; (16) pontine nuclei; (17) substantia nigra; (18) fibers of the pons; (19) cingulate cortex; (20) dorsal subiculum; (21) inferior colliculus; and (22) superior colliculus. 16, 1927 (1997). These regions are often of variable copy number between various haplotypes69. Biol. fermentation 8, e1002638 (2012). It helps stimulate an appetite in people who have trouble eating due to stress or depression. The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Unions Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/20072013) under grant agreement HEALTH-F4-2010-241504 (EURATRANS). Only windows with greater than or equal to the shared density cut-off per window were retained. The challenge of generating multiple closely related mammalian genomes and annotation required new approaches to whole-genome alignment65, comparative creation of whole-chromosome scaffolds66, and comparative approaches to simultaneous genome annotation within a clade23,24. Gene sets for each strain were then combined and, using PantherDB76, were classified based on protein class annotations (Fig. Giordano, J. et al. Nat. Li, M. et al. Novel members are named after their most similar homologs.
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